Turners+Syndrome

=// Turners Syndrome //=

Turner syndrome is based on a chromosomal condition that alters development in females. Women who is diagnosed with this condition appear to be shorter (short stature) than the average size women and are usually unable to develope a child (infertile) because of the absence of ovarian function. Other features/symptoms that can vary among women who have Turner ’s syndrome include: **extra skin on the neck (//webbed neck//),** may have **puffiness or swelling (lymphedema) of the hands and feet, skeletal abnormalities, heart effects and kidney problems**. This condition occurs rarely in about 1 in 2,500 females world wide, but is still much more common among pregnancies that do not survive to the term of miscarriages and stillbirths.
 * What is Turner syndrome? **

Turner’s syndrome is based upon the chromosomal condition related to the X chromosome.

So far scientist have not yet determined which genes on the X chromosomes are responsible for most signs and symptoms of Turner’s syndrome, however, they have identified one gene called the SHOX that is important for the bone development and growth, but since it is missing one copy of the gene likely causes short stature and skeletal abnormalities in the women with the syndrome.


 * How people get the Syndrome? **

Normally, females inherited one X chromosomes from their mother and one X chromosomes from their father. People who have the turner syndrome are just missing their X chromosomes

v Is typically caused by what is called non disjunction

If a pair of sex chromosomes fails to separate during the formation of an egg (or sperm), this is referred to the non disjunction. When the abnormal egg unites with the normal sperm to form an embryo, that embryo may end up missing one of the sex chromosomes

At puberty they do not have the usual growth spurt as normal women do. Non-functioning ovaries are another symptom. They do not start their periods or develop any breast without the hormone treatment during the age of puberty.
 * What are the symptoms of Turner’s syndrome? **


 * Symtoms **
 * An especially wide neck
 * A broad chest and widely spaced nipples
 * Arms that turn out slightly at the elbow
 * Heart murmur, sometimes associated with narrowing of the aorta (blood vessel exiting heart)
 * A tendency to develop high blood pressure (so this should be checked regularly)
 * Minor eye problem that are corrected with glasses [[image:http://img.tfd.com/mk/T/X2604-T-53.png width="219" height="346" align="right"]]
 * Scoliosis (deformity of the spine) occurs in 10 percent of adolescent girls who have turners syndrome as for the thyroid gland
 * Older or overweight women with the syndrome are slightly more risk of developing diabetes
 * Osteoporosis can develop because of lack of estrogen, but this can largely be prevented by taking hormone replacement therapy

** Can Turner syndrome be cured or prevented? **  There is no cure for Turner syndrome; however, many of the more serious problems can be treated for growth hormone and androgen therapy can be given to increase final adult height; hormone replacement therapy can be given so that girls that will be able to develop secondary sexual characteristics; coarctation of the aorta can be surgically corrected if needed; and medications are available to treat high blood pressure, diabetes, and thyroid problems which will help decrease their symptoms. Bibliography "TeensHealth." //Turner Syndrome//. Web. 13 Mar. 2012. .

"MedicineNet.com." //MedicineNet//. Web. 13 Mar. 2012. .

"Turner SyndromeÂ ." //Turner Syndrome//. Web. 13 Mar. 2012. .

"Turner Syndrome: MedlinePlus." //U.S National Library of Medicine//. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Web. 13 Mar. 2012. .